- O açúcar suprime o sistema imunitário.
- O açúcar causa irritabilidade em crianças e adultos.
- O açúcar aumenta a produção de radicais livres no corpo.
- O açúcar causa hiperactividade, ansiedade e menor capacidade de concentração.
- O açúcar aumenta os triglicéridos no sangue.
- O açúcar diminui a capacidade do corpo se defender de infeções bacterianas.
- O açúcar diminui a elasticidade dos tecidos.
- O açúcar reduz o HDL (bom colesterol).
- O açúcar causa deficiência em crómio.
- O açúcar causa degeneração ocular.
- O açúcar pode causar hipoglicémia.
- O açúcar está relacionado com a obesidade.
- O açúcar está relacionado com cárie dentária.
- o açúcar contribui para a diabetes.
- O açúcar aumenta a gordura no fígado (fígado gordo).
- O açúcar contribui para a osteoporose.
- O açúcar pode estar relacionado com eczema na criança.
- O açúcar causa retenção de líquidos.
- O açúcar contribui para a doença de Alzeimer.
- O açúcar piora os sintomas de défice de atenção na criança.
- O açúcar aumenta a inflamação corporal.
Referências bibliográficas:
1. Sanchez, A, et al. “Role of Sugars in Human Neutrophilic Phagocytosis.” Am J Clin Nutr. Nov 1973; 261: 1180-1184.
2. Bernstein, L et al. “Depression of Lymphocyte Transformation Following Oral Glucose Ingestion.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1997; 30: 613.
3. Schauss, A. Diet, Crime and Delinquency. (Berkley, CA: Parker House, 1981).
4. Bayol, S.A “Evidence that a Maternal ‘Junk Food’ Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Can Reduce Muscle Force in Offspring.” Eur J Nutr. Dec 19, 2008.
5. Rajeshwari, R, et al. “Secular Trends in Children’s Sweetened-beverage Consumption (1973 to 1994): The Bogalusa Heart Study.” J Am Diet Assoc. Feb 2005; 105(2): 208-214.
6. Behall, K. “Influence of Estrogen Content of Oral Contraceptives and Consumption of Sucrose on Blood Parameters.” Disease Abstracts International.1982; 431-437. POPLINE Document Number: 013114.
7. Mohanty, P., et al. “Glucose Challenge Stimulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation by Leucocytes.” J Clin Endocrin Metab. Aug 2000; 85(8): 2970-2973 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 2970-2973 end_of_the_skype_highlighting.
Couzy, F., et al. “Nutritional Implications of the Interaction Minerals.”Progressive Food & Nutrition Science. 1933; 17: 65-87.
8. Goldman, L et al. “Behavioral Effects of Sucrose on Preschool Children.” J Abnorm Child Psy. 1986; 14(4): 565-577.
9. Scanto, S. and Yudkin, J. “The Effect of Dietary Sucrose on Blood Lipids, Serum Insulin, Platelet Adhesiveness and Body Weight in Human Volunteers.” Postgrad Med J. 1969; 45: 602-607.
10. Ringsdorf, w., Cheraskin, E., and Ramsay. R “Sucrose, Neutrophilic Phagocytosis and Resistance to Disease.” Dental Survey. 1976; 52(12): 46-48.
11. Cerami, A, et al. “Glucose and Aging.” Scientific American. May 1987: 90.
Lee, A T. and Cerami, A “The Role of Glycation in Aging.” Annals N Y Acad Sci. 663: 63-67.
12. Albrink, M. and Ullrich, LH. “Interaction of Dietary Sucrose and Fiber on Serum Lipids in Healthy Young Men Fed High Carbohydrate Diets.” Clin Nutr.1986;43: 419-428.
Pamplona, R, et al. “Mechanisms of Glycation in Atherogenesis.” Medical Hypotheses. Mar 1993; 40(3): 174-81.
13. Kozlovsky, A, et al. “Effects of Diets High in Simple Sugars on Urinary Chromium Losses.” Metabolism. Jun 1986; 35: 515-518.
14. Takahashi, E. Tohoku, University School of Medicine. Wholistic Health Digest. Oct 1982: 41.
15. Kelsay, L et al. “Diets High in Glucose or Sucrose and Young Women.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1974; 27: 926-936.
Thomas, B. L et al. “Relation of Habitual Diet to Fasting Plasma Insulin Concentration and the Insulin Response to Oral Glucose.” Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1983; 36C(1): 49-51.
16. Fields, M., et al. “Effect of Copper Deficiency on Metabolism and Mortality in Rats Fed Sucrose or Starch Diets.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1983; 113: 1335-1345.
17. Lemann, J. “Evidence that Glucose Ingestion Inhibits Net Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Calcium and Magnesium.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1976; 70: 236-245.
18. Chiu, C. “Association between Dietary Glycemic Index and Age-related Macular Degeneration in Nondiabetic Participants in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study.” Am J Clin Nutr. Jul 2007; 86: 180-188.
19. “Sugar, White Flour Withdrawal Produces Chemical Response.” The Addiction Letter. Jul1992: 4.
20. Dufty, William. Sugar Blues. (New York: Warner Books, 1975).
21. Ibid.
22. Jones, T.W., et al. “Enhanced Adrenomedullary Response and Increased Susceptibility to Neuroglygopenia: Mechanisms Underlying the Adverse Effect of Sugar Ingestion in Children.” J Ped. Feb 1995; 126: 171-177.
23. Ibid.
24. Lee, A. T. and Cerami, A. “The Role of Glycation in Aging.” Annals NY Acad Sci. 1992; 663: 63-70.
25. Abrahamson, E. and Peget, A. Body, Mind and Sugar. (New York: Avon, 1977).
26. Glinsmann, w., et al. “Evaluation of Health Aspects of Sugar Contained in Carbohydrate Sweeteners.” FDA Report of Sugars Task Force. 1986: 39.
Makinen, K.K., et al. “A Descriptive Report of the Effects of a 16-month Xylitol Chewing-Gum Programme Subsequent to a 40-Month Sucrose Gum Programme.”Caries Res. 1998; 32(2): 107-12.
Riva Touger-Decker and Cor van Loveren, “Sugars and Dental Caries.” Am J Clin Nutr. Oct 2003; 78: 881-892.
27. Keen, H., et al. “Nutrient Intake, Adiposity and Diabetes.” Brit Med J. 1989; 1: 655-658.
28. Tragnone, A, et al. “Dietary Habits as Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.” Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. Jan 1995; 7(1): 47-51.
29. Yudkin, J. Sweet and Dangerous. (New York: Bantam Books: 1974) 129.
30. Darlington, L., and Ramsey. et al. “Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study of Dietary Manipulation Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis,” Lancet. Feb 1986; 8475(1): 236-238.
31. Schauss, A. Diet, Crime and Delinquency. (Berkley, CA: Parker House, 1981).
32. Crook, W. J. The Yeast Connection. (TN: Professional Books, 1984).
33. Heaton, K. “The Sweet Road to Gallstones.” Brit Med J. Apr 14, 1984; 288: 1103-1104.
Misciagna, G., et al. “Insulin and Gallstones.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1999; 69: 120-126.
34. Yudkin, J. “Sugar Consumption and Myocardial Infarction.” Lancet. Feb 6, 1971; 1(7693): 296-297.
Chess, D.J., et al. “Deleterious Effects of Sugar and Protective Effects of Starch on Cardiac Remodeling, Contractile Dysfunction, and Mortality in Response to Pressure Overload.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. Sep 2007; 293(3): H1853-H1860.
35. Cleave, T. The Saccharine Disease. (New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing, 1974).
1. Sanchez, A, et al. “Role of Sugars in Human Neutrophilic Phagocytosis.” Am J Clin Nutr. Nov 1973; 261: 1180-1184.
2. Bernstein, L et al. “Depression of Lymphocyte Transformation Following Oral Glucose Ingestion.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1997; 30: 613.
3. Schauss, A. Diet, Crime and Delinquency. (Berkley, CA: Parker House, 1981).
4. Bayol, S.A “Evidence that a Maternal ‘Junk Food’ Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Can Reduce Muscle Force in Offspring.” Eur J Nutr. Dec 19, 2008.
5. Rajeshwari, R, et al. “Secular Trends in Children’s Sweetened-beverage Consumption (1973 to 1994): The Bogalusa Heart Study.” J Am Diet Assoc. Feb 2005; 105(2): 208-214.
6. Behall, K. “Influence of Estrogen Content of Oral Contraceptives and Consumption of Sucrose on Blood Parameters.” Disease Abstracts International.1982; 431-437. POPLINE Document Number: 013114.
7. Mohanty, P., et al. “Glucose Challenge Stimulates Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Generation by Leucocytes.” J Clin Endocrin Metab. Aug 2000; 85(8): 2970-2973 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 2970-2973 end_of_the_skype_highlighting.
Couzy, F., et al. “Nutritional Implications of the Interaction Minerals.”Progressive Food & Nutrition Science. 1933; 17: 65-87.
8. Goldman, L et al. “Behavioral Effects of Sucrose on Preschool Children.” J Abnorm Child Psy. 1986; 14(4): 565-577.
9. Scanto, S. and Yudkin, J. “The Effect of Dietary Sucrose on Blood Lipids, Serum Insulin, Platelet Adhesiveness and Body Weight in Human Volunteers.” Postgrad Med J. 1969; 45: 602-607.
10. Ringsdorf, w., Cheraskin, E., and Ramsay. R “Sucrose, Neutrophilic Phagocytosis and Resistance to Disease.” Dental Survey. 1976; 52(12): 46-48.
11. Cerami, A, et al. “Glucose and Aging.” Scientific American. May 1987: 90.
Lee, A T. and Cerami, A “The Role of Glycation in Aging.” Annals N Y Acad Sci. 663: 63-67.
12. Albrink, M. and Ullrich, LH. “Interaction of Dietary Sucrose and Fiber on Serum Lipids in Healthy Young Men Fed High Carbohydrate Diets.” Clin Nutr.1986;43: 419-428.
Pamplona, R, et al. “Mechanisms of Glycation in Atherogenesis.” Medical Hypotheses. Mar 1993; 40(3): 174-81.
13. Kozlovsky, A, et al. “Effects of Diets High in Simple Sugars on Urinary Chromium Losses.” Metabolism. Jun 1986; 35: 515-518.
14. Takahashi, E. Tohoku, University School of Medicine. Wholistic Health Digest. Oct 1982: 41.
15. Kelsay, L et al. “Diets High in Glucose or Sucrose and Young Women.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1974; 27: 926-936.
Thomas, B. L et al. “Relation of Habitual Diet to Fasting Plasma Insulin Concentration and the Insulin Response to Oral Glucose.” Hum Nutr Clin Nutr. 1983; 36C(1): 49-51.
16. Fields, M., et al. “Effect of Copper Deficiency on Metabolism and Mortality in Rats Fed Sucrose or Starch Diets.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1983; 113: 1335-1345.
17. Lemann, J. “Evidence that Glucose Ingestion Inhibits Net Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Calcium and Magnesium.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1976; 70: 236-245.
18. Chiu, C. “Association between Dietary Glycemic Index and Age-related Macular Degeneration in Nondiabetic Participants in the Age-Related Eye Disease Study.” Am J Clin Nutr. Jul 2007; 86: 180-188.
19. “Sugar, White Flour Withdrawal Produces Chemical Response.” The Addiction Letter. Jul1992: 4.
20. Dufty, William. Sugar Blues. (New York: Warner Books, 1975).
21. Ibid.
22. Jones, T.W., et al. “Enhanced Adrenomedullary Response and Increased Susceptibility to Neuroglygopenia: Mechanisms Underlying the Adverse Effect of Sugar Ingestion in Children.” J Ped. Feb 1995; 126: 171-177.
23. Ibid.
24. Lee, A. T. and Cerami, A. “The Role of Glycation in Aging.” Annals NY Acad Sci. 1992; 663: 63-70.
25. Abrahamson, E. and Peget, A. Body, Mind and Sugar. (New York: Avon, 1977).
26. Glinsmann, w., et al. “Evaluation of Health Aspects of Sugar Contained in Carbohydrate Sweeteners.” FDA Report of Sugars Task Force. 1986: 39.
Makinen, K.K., et al. “A Descriptive Report of the Effects of a 16-month Xylitol Chewing-Gum Programme Subsequent to a 40-Month Sucrose Gum Programme.”Caries Res. 1998; 32(2): 107-12.
Riva Touger-Decker and Cor van Loveren, “Sugars and Dental Caries.” Am J Clin Nutr. Oct 2003; 78: 881-892.
27. Keen, H., et al. “Nutrient Intake, Adiposity and Diabetes.” Brit Med J. 1989; 1: 655-658.
28. Tragnone, A, et al. “Dietary Habits as Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.” Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. Jan 1995; 7(1): 47-51.
29. Yudkin, J. Sweet and Dangerous. (New York: Bantam Books: 1974) 129.
30. Darlington, L., and Ramsey. et al. “Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study of Dietary Manipulation Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis,” Lancet. Feb 1986; 8475(1): 236-238.
31. Schauss, A. Diet, Crime and Delinquency. (Berkley, CA: Parker House, 1981).
32. Crook, W. J. The Yeast Connection. (TN: Professional Books, 1984).
33. Heaton, K. “The Sweet Road to Gallstones.” Brit Med J. Apr 14, 1984; 288: 1103-1104.
Misciagna, G., et al. “Insulin and Gallstones.” Am J Clin Nutr. 1999; 69: 120-126.
34. Yudkin, J. “Sugar Consumption and Myocardial Infarction.” Lancet. Feb 6, 1971; 1(7693): 296-297.
Chess, D.J., et al. “Deleterious Effects of Sugar and Protective Effects of Starch on Cardiac Remodeling, Contractile Dysfunction, and Mortality in Response to Pressure Overload.” Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. Sep 2007; 293(3): H1853-H1860.
35. Cleave, T. The Saccharine Disease. (New Canaan, CT: Keats Publishing, 1974).
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